Radio – Linux Hint https://linuxhint.com Exploring and Master Linux Ecosystem Mon, 01 Mar 2021 06:48:30 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=5.6.2 5 Best Omnidirectional Outdoor TV Antennas https://linuxhint.com/5-best-omnidirectional-outdoor-tv-antennas/ Mon, 01 Mar 2021 06:45:37 +0000 https://linuxhint.com/?p=92227 TV antennas have been age-old and the inception of the omnidirectional outdoor antennas has revolutionized the industry. If you need more TV channels while escaping the crushing television bills, then the best omnidirectional outdoor TV antennas are for you. Our review of finely selected products in the market can make it easier for you to choose the best product for you. The buying guide beneath is crafted to help you understand the various important features to look out for when buying your next omnidirectional outdoor TV antenna.

Best Omnidirectional Outdoor TV Antenna

Here’s our review of the best omnidirectional outdoor television antennas.


1byone 720° Omni-Directional Reception TV Antenna Built-in Amplifier

Outdoor TV Antenna - 1byone 720°Omni-Directional Reception TV Antenna Built-in Amplifier Enhance UHF for Home/RV/Attic/Marine Up to 150 Miles with 32ft Coax Cable Free HDTV Channels
Engineered to receive stable television broadcasting by filtering interferences from mobile 4G signals, the 1byone 720°Omni-Directional Reception TV Antenna is built with a pre-amplifier to make sure that all received signals are UHF and clear. Supplied with its 32ft RG6U, this antenna is super easy to install on a wall, pole or wherever you wish to place it. Effectively positioned, this antenna covers up to 150 miles around its 720-degree protractor angles. It has enhanced UHF signal reception; a cool UFO design and built-in upgraded intelligent IC chip.

Outdoor TV Antenna - 1byone 720°Omni-Directional Reception TV Antenna Built-in Amplifier Enhance UHF for Home/RV/Attic/Marine Up to 150 Miles with 32ft Coax Cable Free HDTV Channels
  • 📺【720°Omni-Directional Reception Digital HDTV Antenna】- Note:The packaging of this product was printed 360 ° due to operational error, it should be a 720° omnidirectional antenna.Enhance UHF signal reception. Pick up more signals from all directions, no rotating or pointing needed. No signal blind zone. Perfect for home, outdoor, attic, RV and marine used. Enjoy your favorite channels without a monthly bill!
  • 📺【Built-in Pre-Amplifier and 4G LTE Filter】- Allows you to boost signal right at the antenna, and removes interference and channel loss caused by 4G mobiles phone signals,making up for signal loss from long cable runs and splitters.According to signal range, the amplifier enlarges suitable multiples to ensure the coverage extension.
  • 📺【Easy Installation with Minimum Effort】- Cool UFO design perfectly matches your different styles from positioning of attic to wall mounting,included 32ft RG6U coaxial cable makes it easy to place the amplified HDTV antenna in high-reception areas. No need to worry about local weather as it’s made of moisture-proof and flame retardant materials.
  • 📺【Up to 150 Miles+ Long Range】- Built-in an upgraded intelligent IC chip,which enables you to watch what you want with high definition for free, pushes in more vivid colors,stunning sound and clearer picture. Improve better reception than the old version. Please first find out where the local broadcast towers are in your area.
  • 📺【Professional Technical Support】- If you have any issues with reception, we will provide full technical support to get your issues solved quickly. We meticulously prepared them for you buying pleasure and we are the right choice of you.


LAVA Outdoor TV Antenna Omnidirectional 360 Degree HD TV 4K Omnipro Amplified TV Antenna

LAVA Outdoor TV Antenna Omnidirectional 360 Degree HD TV 4K Omnipro Amplified TV Antenna OmniPro HD-8008 + Installation Kit & Jpole HD-8008
An outdoor antenna with a wide range up to 130 miles, this LAVA HD8008 Omnidirectional 360 Degree HD TV  Antenna is known to receive up to 130 free HD channels. A built-in dipole makes for excellent VHF and UHF transmissions. A 50 feet cable will put this antenna at an excellent position for efficient reception. It has built-in dipole, reaches up to 130 miles and receives up to 130 Free HD Channels.

LAVA Outdoor TV Antenna Omnidirectional 360 Degree HD TV 4K Omnipro Amplified TV Antenna OmniPro HD-8008 + Installation Kit & Jpole HD-8008
  • ✅[150 Miles+ Long Range TV Antenna]-LAVA HD-8008 Ultra Outdoor TV Antenna provides reception up to 150 miles, HD-8008 Antenna is the perfect solution for any rural or suburban area, with a long range of up to 150 miles. Omni directional antenna is our state-of-the-art long-range HD antenna. Please first know Tower Distance and what channel have before you buy best TV Antenna
  • ✅[360° Omni-Directional Amplified TV Antenna]Omni directional antenna picks up all the stations 360 degree signals in any direction at the same time. 360 degree amplified TV antenna receives signals instantly and requires no pointing or rotating. You truly can set it and forget it. LAVA OmniPro multi-directional HDTV antenna installs quickly and never needs adjusting
  • ✅[Receive 45+ Free HD Channels]-Digital TV Antenna works with both analog and the new digital conversion. HDTV antenna is the perfect solution for customer wanting to view free HD channels. Most receives over 30 digital channels, and watch 95% of the top shows on TV free. Families all across America are turning to our HDTV antennas and receiving their favorite shows from networks
  • ✅[Easy to Install in Attic or Outdoors]- It is easier to install outdoor TV antenna in attic, for anyone who doesn’t like heights, this is a great advantage. Hook outside, long gone are the struggles of entangling wires and numerous clips and bolts when installing your TV antenna. With our outdoor tv antenna, you now get a comprehensive installation kit that includes all the components needed for quick and easy installation. Through a simple, easy-to-follow manual, you are ready to go
  • ✅[Customer Satisfaction Service]- We honor a 2 year product service on all our LAVA HDTV antennas from the date of purchase. If you are returning because you are unhappy with the amount of channels that you are receiving or the item is not working, please contact us first for support. We are always able to get the antenna working perfectly, usually within a few minutes. If we are unable to get the product working to your full satisfaction, we will get your issues solved quickly too


ANTOP UFO 720°Dual-Omni-Directional Outdoor HDTV Antenna

ANTOP UFO 720°Dual-Omni-Directional Outdoor HDTV Antenna Exclusive Smartpass Amplifier &4G LTE Filter,Enhanced VHF/UHF Reception,Fit Outdoor/RV/Attic Use(33ft Coaxial Cable,4K UHD Ready)
This outdoor antenna is an excellent design equipped with dual reception range, receiving both long and short-range signals that are resistant to interference from 3G and 4G mobile network signals. The delivered package is a DIY design antenna that is easy to install and set up in just five minutes. This antenna is built with durability in mind, therefore, its UV resistant and weather resistant feature is valuable.It has a built-in 4G LTE Filter; no signal blind zone and is UV coated and weather-resistant.

ANTOP UFO 720°Dual-Omni-Directional Outdoor HDTV Antenna Exclusive Smartpass Amplifier &4G LTE Filter,Enhanced VHF/UHF Reception,Fit Outdoor/RV/Attic Use(33ft Coaxial Cable,4K UHD Ready)
  • ◕ᴗ◕ NEVER NEED TO ENDLESS ADJUSTMENT - 720° Dual Omni-directional reception for weak/moderate signal strength areas. No signal blind zone. Perfect for outdoor, attic, RV and marine used.
  • ◕ᴗ◕ AESTHETICALLY CLEAN DESIGN - Creative design in light weight aimed for simple DIY and SIMPLE SET-UP in 5 minutes. Tools-free and easy installation with minimum effort.
  • ◕ᴗ◕ SHIELDS AGAINST INTERFERENCE - Build in 4G LTE Filter shields against interference and blocks unwanted 3G and 4G wireless signals for stable performance. Enjoy smooth and crystal clear 4K HDTV experience.
  • ◕ᴗ◕ DELIVERS THE CORRECT RANGE - ANTOP Exclusive Smart pass technology Amplifier allow easier adjust the balance between short and long range reception , and the intelligent switch can avoid signal overload.
  • ◕ᴗ◕ DURABLE EXTERIOR&WEATHER RESISTANT - UV coated, weather resistant exterior design combined with anti-interference internal tech, protects signal reception to provide clear pictures and full channel capacity even during inclement weather.


Channel Master Omni+ Omnidirectional Outdoor TV Antenna with Mounting Bracket for Roof, Attic, RV

Channel Master Omni+ Omnidirectional Outdoor TV Antenna with Mounting Bracket for Roof, Attic, RV - VHF/UHF Digital HDTV Antenna with 360 Degree Reception Span - 50 Mile Range [CM-3011HD]
With reputable compatibility with HDTV and 4K TVs, the Channel Master Omni+ Omnidirectional Outdoor TV Antenna is an excellent option for omnidirectional outdoor TV antennas. It’s 50+ miles coverage makes it an excellent option for intermediate wave reception. Easy to install and can be mounted on walls, mask poles, and on any elevated surface that you have around you. It is easy to Install; compatible with all HDTV’s and 4K TV’s and has a digital Reception Range of 50+ Miles.

Channel Master Omni+ Omnidirectional Outdoor TV Antenna with Mounting Bracket for Roof, Attic, RV - VHF/UHF Digital HDTV Antenna with 360 Degree Reception Span - 50 Mile Range [CM-3011HD]
  • Digital Reception Range: 50+ Miles (360° Omnidirectional)
  • Compatible with all HDTV's and 4K TV's
  • Includes: Mounting Bracket for Mounting to a Wall, Mast Pole or an Existing Satellite Mount
  • Designed for Indoor or Outdoor Use on Roof, Attic, or RV
  • Easy to Install


Winegard MS-3005 MetroStar Digital 360 VHF/UHF Amplified Omnidirectional Outdoor HDTV Antenna

Winegard MS-3005 MetroStar Digital 360 VHF/UHF Amplified Omnidirectional Outdoor HDTV Antenna, Black
Because of its slick design, this omnidirectional outdoor antenna is considered a cord-cutter antenna and it’s easy to install and set up. A built-in amplifier makes it easy to receive clear signals that are not filtered from mobile signal interferences. With dual reception of VHF and UHF signals, this antenna is compatible with all kinds of HDTV and 4K TVs as well as small apartment and homeowner association neighborhoods. It has a antenna Range of 35 miles; it is a HD dual-band VHF/UHF TV antenna; and has a built-In Pre-Amplifier.

Winegard MS-3005 MetroStar Digital 360 VHF/UHF Amplified Omnidirectional Outdoor HDTV Antenna, Black
  • The ultimate cord-cutter antenna because of its slim size, built-in amp and 360 degree reception.
  • Omnidirectional Reception - Pick up signal from all directions, no rotor or pointing needed.
  • Built-In Pre-Amplifier - Allows you to boost signal right at the antenna, making up for signal loss from long cable runs and splitters.
  • Easy Installation - Install with simple hand tools on any antenna mast (mast not included).
  • Low Profile Design - Meets HOA requirements, perfect for condos or homeowners association neighborhoods.


Omnidirectional Outdoor TV Antenna Buying Guide

Some of the important features that you must look at before buying the best omnidirectional outdoor antennas may include the following

Reception Range

This quality vary greatly among the best antennas and can greatly influence your buying decisions. You should check out the position of your building and review its distance from the broadcasting towers and look for the best omnidirectional antenna that has the appropriate range. Some of the best antennas have range up to 150 miles and can pick up signals from all around.
Nevertheless, having broadcasting towers within close proximity may render the best omnidirectional outdoor antennas inefficient as they are usually long-range. Getting an indoor TV antenna might work perfectly well or you can focus on purchasing outdoor antennas with low range so that they can receive the signals properly.

Interferences

There are tons of waves transmitted on air and sometimes these waves collide and interfere with themselves. These antennas are designed to receive UHF and VHF signals from broadcast towers. The transmission of these signals may be interfered with by 4G and 3G mobile networks causing the antennas to have challenges in identifying signals for various channels. The best omnidirectional outdoor antennas have 4G filters and a built-in pre-amplifier. The 4G filter removes the interference from mobile network signals while the pre-amplifier makes the signal clearer offering clear FHD or 4K transmission on the TV.

Bandwidth

Basically, omnidirectional antennas receive two types of bands: UHF and VHF. The best outdoor TV antennas are equipped with dual-band reception giving you more channel options to watch in HD and 4K depending on the specs of the antenna.

Installation and Setup

The best omnidirectional antennas are easy to install and setup. Most of them are built with a DIY design that makes it easy for you to install them in minutes either on walls, poles, masts, or wherever you believe it would receive the signals uninterrupted from all directions. You don’t need to pay experts for installation processes when you are buying the best omnidirectional outdoor TV antennas.

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Best Outdoor TV Antennas for Rural Areas https://linuxhint.com/best-outdoor-tv-antennas-for-rural-areas/ Sun, 14 Feb 2021 18:38:34 +0000 https://linuxhint.com/?p=89983 Living in a rural area may require you to get outdoor TV antennas that are specifically designed with long signal reception ability for rural areas because of their distance from broadcasting towers. Finding the best outdoor TV antenna for rural areas may pose a bit of a challenge since there are only a few unique features separating them from those used in urban cities. Our review of the best outdoor TV antennas for rural areas can help you make better purchases as it presents the industry-leading products to you. A buying guide included underneath can help you make your purchase decisions faster and better.

Best Outdoor TV Antennas for Rural Areas

Here’s our review of the best outdoor TV antennas for rural areas.

FiveStar Outdoor HD TV Antenna

FiveStar Outdoor HD TV Antenna 2019 Newest Model Up To 200 Miles Range with Motorized 360 Degree Rotation, UHF/VHF/FM Radio with Infrared Remote Control Advanced Design With Installation Kit and Jpole
Built with new technology for adjusting signal quality reception performance, this FiveStar Outdoor HD TV Antenna is an excellent choice for people living in rural areas. With a signal reception range up to 200 miles, this antenna transmits high-quality 4k images. Equipped with a built-in amplifier, noise is reduced to bare minimum to provide even clearer transmission in bad weather. The FiveStar provides 360 Degree Rotation to adjust for the best signal angle, a Built-in Super Low Noise Amplifier to boost signals, and access to up to 200 Free Local HDTV Channels for your information and enjoyment to stay connected in rural places.

FiveStar Outdoor HD TV Antenna 2019 Newest Model Up To 200 Miles Range with Motorized 360 Degree Rotation, UHF/VHF/FM Radio with Infrared Remote Control Advanced Design With Installation Kit and Jpole
  • 2019 MODEL NEWEST DESGIN: Clear HD image quality. Package includes: 1x Five Star Antenna, 1x Antenna Installation Kit (40ft & 4ft Coax Cable, 4-way Splitter to watch 4 TVs, 15pcs Cable Clips), J-Pole
  • "Auto Gain Control": Gain 15-35db, New technology for adjusting high quality signal reception performance.
  • Built-in Super Low Noise Amplifier: Operating Frequency 45-860MHz. Built-in LTE filter which removes the interference caused by 4G phone signals and ensure the noise-free digital TV reception.
  • Full band DTV/VHF/UHF Receiver: Supports 4K HD TV, 1080p,1080l, 720p Broadcast, Radio. 360 Degree Rotation. US, Canada, Mexico, Latin America and around the world Free up to 200 Local HDTV Channels for $0/Month
  • Benefits: Two extra UHF elements and Up to 50% larger VHF elements to enhance the UHF/VHF channel reception and better image quality. Up to 25% more reflected area to enhance the receptions for all Channels. High quality copper cable to enhance the signal transmission from antenna to the receiver. Special wind proof design to enhance the durability of the Antenna. By using much higher quality material to make this antenna to last longer in all weather conditions.


McDuory Amplified Digital Outdoor HDTV Antenna

McDuory Amplified Digital Outdoor HDTV Antenna 150 Miles Long Range - 360 Degree Rotation Infrared Control - Tools Free Installation - Support 2 TVs
With a transmission range up to 150 miles, this antenna can function excellently well in rural areas that are far from broadcasting towers. A 360-degree rotation controlled by its infrared remote controller makes it possible to search any channel within its transmission range. This product is durable and can stand various weather conditions; thanks to its weather-resistant design. The McDuory can support 2 TVs at the same time with one device. It has a built-in 360-degree motor rotor to find the best angle for reception; And is decently weather resistant.

McDuory Amplified Digital Outdoor HDTV Antenna 150 Miles Long Range - 360 Degree Rotation Infrared Control - Tools Free Installation - Support 2 TVs
  • 150 Miles Long Range and Dual TV Outputs -- HDTV support 720p, 1080p. Working Frequency: VHF 170~230 MHz, UHF 470~860 MHz. Receive free digital broadcast high HDTV signals. Support 2 TVs at the same time without a Splitter. No special Adaptor required.
  • Tools-Free installation -- Snap on elements available. Comes with an easy-to-follow user manual so you can install the antenna with ease.
  • Infrared Remote Controller -- Built-in 360 degree motor rotor. Built-in Super High Gain and Low Noise Amplifier. Include 40ft outdoor TV antenna Coaxial Cable. Easy for you to place it to get the best receptions.
  • Weather Resistant -- McDuory antenna is lightning protected, durable design with grounding done. Superior construction to withstand tough outdoor weather conditions.


Five Star Outdoor Digital Amplified HDTV Antenna

Five Star [Newest 2020] Outdoor Digital Amplified HDTV Antenna - up to 200 Mile Long Range, Directional 360 Degree Rotation by Remote Control, Intelligent Gain for HD 4K 1080P FM Radio Support 2 TVs
As Fiver Star’s latest product in the market this outdoor antenna is equipped with cutting-edge technology that provides 25% better transmission than previous versions. Built with LTE filter, it removes interference from phone 3G and 4G signals providing a clearer transmission. Providing a 360-degree rotation, this antenna covers a broad range up 200 miles around the spot.
This high end model has 6 reflector elements for better reception; a built-in Auto Gain Control Chip and provides up to 200 miles of range.

Five Star [Newest 2020] Outdoor Digital Amplified HDTV Antenna - up to 200 Mile Long Range, Directional 360 Degree Rotation by Remote Control, Intelligent Gain for HD 4K 1080P FM Radio Support 2 TVs
  • 💛[2020 New Release Outdoor Antenna] Reach Up to 200 mile Range, provides high resolution HDTV 4K,1080p,1080i,720p for local FREE channels, local news, sports programs, weather. Operating Frequency VHF 40- 230MHz | UHF 470 - 860MHz. Supports 2 TVs at a time without splitter. Five Star 2020 version has upgraded high gain booster which can have high quality for HDTV.
  • 💛[Advanced VHF UHF Reception]6 reflector elements can improve the UHF HDTV image quality 25% better than 4 elements. Larger elements also stabilize the signal. Includes a V Band which can improve 50% of VHF HDTV quality. Durable reflectors design prevents from wind obstruction.
  • 💛[Higher Image Resolution] Built in Auto Gain Control Chip with gain booster can make high gain from 15-35db.Premium quality copper cable inside motor offers shielded and more stable signal transmission. LTE filter which removes the interference from phone signal and ensures the high quality DTV/VHF/UHF image.
  • 💛[Wider Region for All Directional Operating] Built-in All Directional with 360-degree rotation can help to aim local signal tower by pressing the button to rotate the antenna. This help picks up more local free HDTV channels. Operating range can reach up to 200 miles. The higher above the ground, the better it performs.(Signal strength can vary depending on distance from the tower, terrain, and weather.)
  • 💛[Save Now and Gain More HDTV] No contracts! No monthly bills! Save Today with Five Star Antenna. Package Includes: Five Star Antenna + Amplifier control box +Remote Control (AAA batteries NOT included)+40ft RG6 coaxial cable.(Upgrade Installation kit sold separately)


BEFORE HDTV Digital Antenna

HDTV Digital Antenna,Amplified HD Outdoor TV Antenna150 Miles Range w/ 360 Degree Rotation Wireless Remote - UHF/VHF/1080p/ 4K Ready(Without Pole)
Perfect as an outdoor TV antenna, this digital antenna automatically scans channel and add them to the view list whenever they are available, so there is no need for regular manual scans. With an impressive range up to 150 miles, this antenna transmits signals from far broadcasting towers to HD 1080p and 4k televisions. This model from BEFORE, has a built-in 360-degree motor rotor to get the right angle, a built-in super low noise amplifier for signal; and results in a reach up to 150 miles.


FiveStar Outdoor 4K HDTV Antenna

FiveStar Outdoor 4K HDTV Antenna Long Range Auto Gain Control Long Range with Motorized 360 Degree Rotation, UHF/VHF/FM Radio with Infrared Remote Control for 2 TVs
Specifically designed to transmit signals to 4k televisions with a long-range reception, the FiveStar Outdoor 4K HDTV Antenna is an excellent option for people in rural areas. With a strong copper cable, signals are transmitted undeterred to the receiver for a high-quality view in 1080p, 720p, and 4k. Made with high-quality materials and designed with hollows to allow air to move through speedily, this antenna is considered windproof and could withstand stormy weather conditions. This FiverStar has built-in super low noise amplifier; full band DTV/VHF/UHF receiver for superior tv watching and a built-in LTE filter to make sure you are uninterrupted.

FiveStar Outdoor 4K HDTV Antenna Long Range Auto Gain Control Long Range with Motorized 360 Degree Rotation, UHF/VHF/FM Radio with Infrared Remote Control for 2 TVs
  • NEWEST DESGIN: Clear HD image quality.Dual TV outputs -- outdoor TV antenna support 2 TVs at the same time without a splitter. No special adapter needed. Don't bother to buy another HDTV antenna.
  • "Auto Gain Control": Gain 15-35db, New technology for adjusting high quality signal reception performance.
  • Built-in Super Low Noise Amplifier: Operating Frequency 45-860MHz. Built-in LTE filter which removes the interference caused by 4G phone signals and ensure the noise-free digital TV reception.
  • Full band DTV/VHF/UHF Receiver: Supports 4K HD TV, 1080p,1080l, 720p Broadcast, Radio. 360 Degree Rotation. US, Canada, Mexico, Latin America and around the world up to 200 Local HDTV Channels for $0/Month
  • Benefits: Two extra UHF elements and Up to 50% larger VHF elements to enhance the UHF/VHF channel reception and better image quality. Up to 25% more reflected area to enhance the receptions for all Channels. High quality copper cable to enhance the signal transmission from antenna to the receiver. Special wind proof design to enhance the durability of the Antenna. By using much higher quality material to make this antenna to last longer in all weather conditions.


Buying Guide for Outdoor TV Antennas for Rural Areas

Although rural areas may have less frequent use for outdoor antennas like in urban centers, buying the best outdoor TV antenna could be a wise choice to make. When trying to buy any of the best outdoor TV antennas, you should consider looking at the following features carefully.

Reception Range

Because rural areas are often far from broadcasting towers, they would require antennas that cover long ranges to access these signals efficiently. Contrary to what is most recommended in urban centers, residents of rural areas would require longer range antennas to connect.

LTE Filters

This may not seem like a big deal but they really are. There are phone signals, usually 3G and 4G floating through the air and may be carried along with television signals. Also received by TV antennas, they create interference affecting the quality of signals received by the antennas. Antennas with LTE filters help to remove these phone signals and allow the transmission of clearer television signals. To enjoy clear 1080p, 720p, 4k or any quality of images that is transmitted, you should consider buying antennas with LTE filters.

Build Material and Design

Nobody wants to repeatedly buy antennas. Therefore, buying something durable and able to stand extreme weather conditions can help save a lot of money from frequent purchases. Although TV antennas are designed specifically to receive and transmit TV signals, the best products in the market are designed with quality materials and signals are carried to the receiver through their strong copper cables.

Other than the material, the outlook and design of the antenna matters also. Because rural areas are more likely to get windy, antennas that are wrongly designed could be damaged in case of heavy winds and storms. Having designs with wide openings to allow heavy wind to pass through would make it less likely for your antenna to get struck down by winds.

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What is a Radio Spectrum Analyzer? https://linuxhint.com/what-is-a-radio-spectrum-analyzer/ Mon, 28 Dec 2020 23:30:42 +0000 https://linuxhint.com/?p=83551 Signals are all around us, but we are unaware of their presence because they are invisible and intangible. The most common type we hear about are the electrical signals, but there are also other types such as optical and audio signals. In the field of electronics, measuring these signals is necessary but also challenging because of their nonphysical nature. Due to this, test equipment like Spectrum Analyzers was invented.

There are spectrum analyzers for different types of signals, but this article will focus mainly on Radio Frequency (RF) Spectrum Analyzers.

What is an RF Spectrum Analyzer?

An RF Spectrum Analyzer is a widely used test instrument that measures the power of the spectrum of the input signal by measuring its amplitude, displayed on the vertical axis (y-axis), versus its frequency, displayed on the horizontal axis (x-axis). The output is displayed in the frequency domain. It’s effective in providing insights into the RF performance of circuits’ modules or systems because, with the signal information obtained from the analyzer, the type of signals present can be identified, and their frequencies, frequency levels, and amplitude can be measured. Furthermore, other spectral components of a signal, such as dominant frequency, power, distortion, harmonics, and bandwidth, can be observed.

What are the Types of Spectrum Analyzer?

Generally, spectrum analyzers are categorized into two types: the swept-tuned spectrum analyzer and the FFT spectrum analyzer. However, spectrum analyzers evolved in different form factors over the years, continually advancing with technology. Regardless of its form factors, it still serves its main purpose – to analyze the frequency spectrum of any given signal. Below are the different types and form factors of spectrum analyzers, each intended for different uses and applications.

Swept spectrum analyzer. Also known as the superheterodyne spectrum analyzer, the swept type is the traditional and the oldest form of the spectrum analyzer. The older models rely on analog techniques and have served as the foundation of spectrum analysis testing for many years. Most of these models are already outdated and are replaced by modern types of swept spectrum analyzers that use digital techniques.

Digital FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) spectrum analyzer. As the name indicates, this type of spectrum analyzer is using digital technology, converting analog signals to their digital format using FFT techniques. In a nutshell, FFT techniques use a mathematical process to transform a waveform into the components of its frequency spectrum.

Real-time spectrum analyzer. This FFT-based spectrum analyzer is a hybrid of swept and FFT type. Using the superheterodyne technique, it first converts the signal down to a lower frequency, then uses FFT techniques to analyze the signal. The manipulation of FFTs is undertaken rapidly in real-time leaving no gaps and information missed in the calculated RF spectrum. Furthermore, this type of spectrum analyzer can sample incoming signals in a time domain (as with an oscilloscope) and convert them to a frequency domain using the FFT algorithm. It captures a whole band of frequencies at once, analyses it, and then displays the spectrum.

PXI spectrum analyzer. PXI is a standard based on PCI eXtension Instrumentation and is widely used for test instrumentation, data acquisition, and control. As the name suggests, this type of spectrum analyzer is based on the PXI standard, thus, it can be incorporated into a PXI rack.

USB spectrum analyzer. This type of spectrum analyzer uses spectrum analyzer software to analyze, store, display, and replay the data. The software is installed in a computer where the device is connected to via USB port. This is more portable and cost-effective than bench-top spectrum analyzers since only the acquisition hardware needs to be purchased.

Handheld spectrum analyzer. This comes in handy in the field for monitoring radio or wireless transmissions and for checking the characteristics of the spectrum. Made in small, handheld formats, this type of spectrum analyzer does not have the same performance and capability as the larger types of a spectrum analyzer.

Networked spectrum analyzer. This type of spectrum analyzer is connected to a network via the ethernet port. It monitors devices across a network. This is useful in monitoring geographically-distributed devices and is normally installed in clusters to cover the whole geography of the devices to be monitored, thus, the larger the geography, the more spectrum analyzers are needed.

What is Spectrum Analyzers used for?

Spectrum analyzers are mainly used in electronics laboratories for testing and verifying RF performance. They are mainly utilized in RF design, general electronic circuit design, electronics manufacturing, base service and repair, and field installation and service.[1]

General tasks that spectrum analyzers are used for in a laboratory are:

  • checking if a modulated signal can cause interference
  • checking for the presence of noise or distortion
  • checking if the signal is in the right band of frequency
  • investigating general problems with a signal
  • measuring power
  • measuring phase noise on a signal
  • measuring frequency
  • undertaking EMI & EMI measurements
  • plotting the level of different frequencies relative to each other

Outside the laboratory, spectrum analyzers also have many practical uses such as debugging wireless networks, testing modulation/encoding techniques, monitoring radio signals, and checking antenna performance, RF amplifier gain, signal bandwidth, and band usage. In the area of mobile networks, for example, it is extremely useful in locating and eliminating interference. Handheld spectrum analyzers, in particular, are used by mobile network operators for interference hunting to help them establish and maintain network signals.

It also has uses in other fields of science such as astronomy, geology, and biochemistry, among others. As an example, spectrum analyzers are used to analyze the chemical composition of materials based on the spectral pattern of light in the field of spectrometry.

Although a spectrum analyzer has many uses, it is not a tool for everyone. It would take a professional who understands how it works and how to interpret the characteristics of a signal to operate the device. Nonetheless, it is an indispensable test instrument that has a wide array of uses, not only in the field of electronics but also in other fields of science.

Sources:

What is a Spectrum Analyzer: RF spectrum analyzer, Electronics-Notes.com ]]>